Car running costs in United States — by make and model

12,037 cars, each with the official certified consumption and CO₂ figures and what it costs a year to run at current United States fuel prices. Every figure comes from the U.S. EPA, Natural Resources Canada or the UK Vehicle Certification Agency — nothing here is estimated.

How to read these figures. Consumption is the certified type-approval value recorded against that exact model and year in the source dataset, so it is the number the manufacturer had to meet, not a marketing claim. Real-world consumption is normally higher than the certified figure, and the gap is widest for plug-in hybrids and for cars used mostly in stop-start town driving, where the official test is at its most optimistic. Use the annual figure to compare one car against another on equal terms rather than as a promise about your own fuel bill.

What the annual cost includes — and what it leaves out. The total is fuel or electricity at the current market average price shown on the page, plus the standard state inspection fee for United States. Insurance, servicing, tyres, repairs and depreciation are deliberately excluded, because they depend on the driver, the policy and the condition of the individual car rather than on the model. Add those in the full ownership calculator to get a complete monthly figure.

Why every page is model-year specific. Emissions regulations, engine ranges and fuel prices all move between model years, so a 2019 car and a 2024 car of the same name are not the same thing to run. Each page names the dataset it was built from and the test cycle behind the numbers — WLTP or NEDC for UK and EU records, the EPA's own test cycles for US records — so you can see exactly what you are comparing. Nothing on these pages is estimated: the pages are generated directly from the official government datasets, and a car with no official record simply has no page.

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